Homeobox Genes DataBase

Drosophila/Vertebrate Genes in Development:

Bone Morphogenic Protein Genes

BMP-2

Definition:

The bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) constitute a novel subfamily of the transforming growth factor type beta (TGF-beta) supergene family and play a critical role in modulating mesenchymal differentiation and inducing the processes of cartilage and bone formation. In this study we isolated the 5'-flanking region of the human BMP-5 gene (1.5 kb promoter region) contains two transcription start sites, a canonical TATA box (-17 approximately -12) and a number of consensus recognition sequences including GATA-1 (-582 approximately -576) and engrailed (-549 approximately -541).

M. Sakaue, S. Kitazawa, K. Nishida, R. Kitazawa & S. Maeda, Molecular cloning and characterization of human bone morphogenic protein (BMP)-5 gene promoter, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 221: 768-772 (1996)

Expression Patterns:

FGF-4 and WNT-7a are thought to maintain SHH expression in limb posterior mesenchyme, SHH activates early posterior HoxD expression, and induces expression of BMP-2, BMP-2 maintains FGF-4 expression in the ridge and, in concert with FGF-4, activates late HoxD gene expression in distal limb mesenchyme.

[Delphine M. Duprez, Konstadina Kostakopoulou, Philippa H. Francis-West, Cheryll Tickle and Paul M. Brickell. (1996) Activation of Fgf-4 and HoxDgene expression by BMP-2 expressing cells in the developing chick limb. Development 122, 1821-1828]

Bmp-2, Shh, Hoxd-13 & Fgf-4 in chick wing

Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been implicated in the polarizing region signalling pathway, which specifies pattern across the antero-posterior of the developing vertebrate limb. BMP-2 may be involved primarily in maintenance of the ridge, and in the link between patterning and outgrowth of the limb bud. (Duprez D. M., 1996)

Regulatory Regions:

5'flanking promoter region of bmp-4 gene

Regulatory Connections

HOX-network Map

Bibliography:

Activation of Fgf-4 and HoxD gene expression by BMP-2 expressing cells in the developing chick limb. Development 122: 1821-1828 (1996)

Bone morphogenetic proteins and a signalling pathway that controls patterning in the developing chick limb. Development 120: 209-218 (1994)

A functional homologue of goosecoid in Drosophila. Development 122: 1641-1650 (1996)

Links:

Comments are welcome to Alex Spirov

Structure of the HOX Pro DB